MASTIFF
Breed Group: Guardian
For full breed standards, visit UK Kennel Club or American Kennel Club
Average height: 70 - 91 cms (27.5 - 36 in)
Average Weight: 54 - 104 kgs (120 - 230 lbs)
Coat Length: Short, dense, and close-lying
Life Span: 6 - 10 years
Colours: Fawn, apricot, brindle, often with a black mask
HISTORY
The Mastiff is a breed steeped in ancient history, with roots tracing back to the Roman Empire and beyond. Known for their formidable size and strength, Mastiffs were originally bred as guardians and war dogs. In medieval England, they were valued protectors of estates, castles, and even the king’s court. Their immense presence alone was often enough to deter intruders, yet they were also known to fight in battles and defend their handlers courageously.
Over time, selective breeding has refined the Mastiff’s temperament, making it the gentle giant we recognize today. While the breed retains its protective instincts, modern Mastiffs are known more for their calm, loyal demeanor.
L.E.G.S.
Using the L.E.G.S.® model, our breed descriptions offer insights into typical behavior based on Genetics, Learning, Environment, and Self.
Knowing the sort of 'job' a breed was created for can offer valuable insights into the type of life dogs of that breed would most enjoy. But bear in mind, they are all individuals, treat the following as an indication of breed tendencies – not a prediction.
Shedding
minimal <> considerable
Grooming
minimal <> likely to need professional grooming
Barking
relatively quiet <> very vocal
Predatory behaviour around other pets/livestock
low<>high
Response to strangers
happy to greet everyone <> very wary
Affectionate with family
not at all<>very cuddly
Playful
serious<>very playful
Focus on handler (bond)
independent thinker<>very biddable
Excitable/Impulsive
very calm<>easily aroused
Motivated
laid back<>obsessive
Easy to care for
suitable for inexperienced<>challenging
Exercise needs
minimal<>hours daily
Off-lead exercise needs
happy on lead<>needs plenty of freedom
Enrichment needs
basic<>needs challenges
WHY YOU'LL FALL IN LOVE WITH YOUR MASTIFF
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Known for their laid-back temperament, Mastiffs are calm and patient, often serving as steady companions
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Mastiffs form deep attachments to their families, always keeping a watchful eye over loved ones
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Despite their size, Mastiffs are known for their tender, loving nature, often leaning into their humans for comfort and companionship
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English Mastiffs are perfectly content with moderate exercise and plenty of downtime, making them great companions for households that prefer a relaxed pace
WHY THEY MAY BE HARD TO LIVE WITH
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Given their size, Mastiffs require ample space at home to feel comfortable and avoid bumping into things
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Mastiffs are known for their drooling, especially after eating or drinking, so be prepared for some clean-up
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Like many large breeds, Mastiffs have a shorter life expectancy, which can be a consideration for potential families
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Due to their size and dense coat, they can overheat easily, so care is needed in warm climates
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Mastiffs can be prone to joint and heart issues, so routine vet care is important to manage these potential challenges
- They need a social bond to become reliable on what you'd like to teach them
YOUR MASTIFF PUPPY HIGHLIGHTS
They benefit from short, gentle play sessions that allow them to engage with the world without becoming overexcited. With their warm and trusting nature, these puppies thrive on affection and will quickly make themselves at home as beloved family members.
YOU MAY NEED PROFESSIONAL HELP WITH:
- Not coming when called as they are very much independent thinkers. Building a deep social bond is key!
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Given their large size, a trainer or vet may offer advice on exercises that support healthy growth without stressing their joints
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Learning to turn 'off' the guardian switch in different environments, especially around strangers
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With deep protective instincts, a professional trainer can help guide you to prevent resource guarding
YOUR RELATIONSHIP SURVIVAL KEY
Building a strong bond with your Mastiff is about clear communication, consistency, gentle leadership, and plenty of affection. They must understand what role they have and when to 'turn off' the guardian button. Mastiffs are intuitive and will quickly learn routines, so establishing a regular schedule will help them feel secure and confident.
Mastiffs respond best to respect and gentle encouragement, making them more likely to return that respect with loyalty and a lifetime of companionship.
UPBRINGING
Because of their protective instincts, introducing them to different people, environments, and other animals at a young age will help them develop into well-adjusted adults. They need moderate, steady exercise rather than intense activity to protect their developing joints. Regular vet check-ups are essential to monitor their health and manage any breed-specific issues.
LIFESTYLE
The ideal lifestyle is a home with ample space and a calm environment. Mastiffs are well-suited to a quieter lifestyle, making them ideal companions for households that enjoy a relaxed pace. While they don’t require intense exercise, they benefit from moderate daily walks and gentle play. Due to their size and heat sensitivity, Mastiffs do best in homes where they can stay cool and comfortable, with a cozy space to rest indoors.
Mastiffs are happiest when close to their family and may act as “shadow dogs,” quietly following family members from room to room to stay connected. They are gentle enough to be around children, provided interactions are supervised.
INTERESTS & HOBBIES
Mastiffs may not be sprinters, but they enjoy activities that allow them to explore their surroundings at a steady pace. Gentle walks, leisurely hikes, or even relaxing in a secure yard suit their temperament well. While they love sleeping, they are never fully asleep - the Guardian is always altert.
EDUCATION
Training for Mastiffs should be calm, consistent, and centered on building your social bond. Avoid high-energy activities in training, as they do best with calm, steady interactions that reinforce their natural composure and loyalty.
