CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL
Breed Group:Â Toy/Gun Dog
For full breed standards, visit UK Kennel Club or American Kennel Club
Average height:Â 30.48 - 33.02 cms (12 - 13 in)
Average Weight: 5.89 - 8.16 kgs (13 - 18 lbs)
Coat Length: Medium, silky, slightly wavy
Life Span:Â 12 - 15 years
Colours: Tri-color, ruby, black & tan, blenheim (red/white)
HISTORY
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel boasts a fascinating history, steeped in royal admiration and historical significance. Originally favored by European aristocracy as early as the 16th century, these "comforter spaniels" were cherished for their soothing presence and loyal companionship. King Charles II, their most famous admirer, loved these small spaniels so deeply that he decreed they should be allowed in any public space, even Parliament. The breed’s connection to nobility extended to the Duke of Marlborough, whose Blenheim Palace lent its name to a specific coloration of these dogs in honor of his victory at the Battle of Blenheim. However, the rise in popularity of flat-faced breeds like the Pug and Japanese Chin nearly drove the original longer-muzzled spaniels to extinction.
In the early 20th century, Roswell Eldridge, an American enthusiast, issued a challenge to British breeders, offering a prize of 25 pounds sterling—equivalent to nearly $2,000 today—to revive the classic spaniel depicted in historic paintings. Though initially met with skepticism, a breakthrough came when a breeder, who also worked with Papillons, produced a dog named 'Ann's Son.' This remarkable dog, with its longer muzzle, won best of breed and became the standard for what we now recognize as the modern Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Today, this breed blends its regal heritage with a gentle and affectionate temperament. With its adaptable size, endearing personality, and timeless appeal, the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel continues to charm families and city dwellers alike, remaining a true companion in every sense of the word.
L.E.G.S.
Using the L.E.G.S.® model, our breed descriptions offer insights into typical behavior based on Genetics, Learning, Environment, and Self.
Knowing the sort of 'job' a breed was created for can offer valuable insights into the type of life dogs of that breed would most enjoy. But bear in mind, they are all individuals, treat the following as an indication of breed tendencies – not a prediction.
Shedding
minimal <> considerable
Grooming
minimal <> likely to need professional grooming
Barking
relatively quiet <> very vocal
Predatory behaviour around other pets/livestock
low<>high
Response to strangers
happy to greet everyone <> very wary
Affectionate with family
not at all<>very cuddly
Playful
serious<>very playful
Focus on handler (bond)
independent thinker<>very biddable
Excitable/Impulsive
very calm<>easily aroused
Motivated
laid back<>obsessive
Easy to care for
suitable for inexperienced<>challenging
Exercise needs
minimal<>hours daily
Off-lead exercise needs
happy on lead<>needs plenty of freedom
Enrichment needs
basic<>needs challenges
WHY YOU'LL FALL IN LOVE WITH YOUR CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL
- Cavaliers are known for their desire to be close to their people, often snuggling on laps and offering companionship
- Whether in an apartment or a house, this breed adjusts well to various environments and family dynamics Charming and social: Cavaliers are known for their friendly, outgoing nature, greeting everyone as a friend, human or canine
- With large, soulful eyes, they have a way of connecting emotionally with their family members
- They enjoy a good romp but are equally content with lounging, making them versatile companions
WHY THEY MAY BE HARD TO LIVE WITH
- Cavaliers crave human interaction and can become anxious if left alone for extended periods
- They can be demanding of your time and attention, co-dependent, and clingy Their silky coat needs regular brushing to prevent tangles and mats, particularly around the ears and chest
- They may alert bark at strangers and novelty in their environment
- Their moderate coat makes them prone to overheating in hot weather, so they need to be kept cool
- This breed is prone to certain genetic health issues, so regular veterinary check-ups are essential
YOUR CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL PUPPY HIGHLIGHTS
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppies are affectionate love sponges, forming strong bonds with their people and often preferring to stay close, soaking up every bit of affection. While their playful energy and curiosity are irresistible, it’s important to help them develop a sense of independence early on, as they can be prone to separation-related behaviors.
These puppies are eager to explore their surroundings with confidence and enthusiasm, but a proper balance of safe physical, mental, and emotional stimulation is essential for their development into happy, well-adjusted adults. Early socialization with new sights, sounds, and people helps them grow into well-rounded dogs, while gentle training with positive reinforcement makes them responsive and easy to guide. Additionally, introducing grooming routines early ensures that their silky coats remain healthy and well-maintained. With the right care, Cavalier puppies grow into calm, confident companions, always ready to share their love and joy.
YOU MAY NEED PROFESSIONAL HELP WITH:
- Separation anxiety: If prone to separation anxiety, guidance from a trainer on handling alone time can be beneficial
- Alert or demand barking
- Impulse control issues
- Socialization: Early, controlled socialization ensures they’re comfortable with a variety of people, pets, and environments
- Grooming guidance: Learning proper techniques for managing their silky coat, especially around the ears, can be helpful
- Health monitoring: Due to breed-specific health issues, working with a vet to manage any potential concerns is wise
YOUR RELATIONSHIP SURVIVAL KEY
Cavaliers thrive in relationships that offer plenty of love and closeness. Building a consistent daily routine with regular affection and companionship strengthens their bond with you. These dogs respond beautifully to gentle guidance, so focus on positive reinforcement and understanding their social nature. Given their sensitivity, avoid loud or harsh corrections. Instead, show patience and warmth to bring out their best qualities. They are happiest when they feel part of family activities, whether it’s a short walk, a play session, or simply sitting together at home.You'll love the antics and cheerful disposition of this lively little dog as long as you are willing to put the time into training independence and life skills necessary for navigating their world.
UPBRINGING
Raising a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel involves focusing on socialization, bonding, and gentle training. They naturally seek out closeness and affection, so fostering a warm, positive environment from the start is key. Introduce them to new experiences gradually, helping them feel secure and confident. Training should be based on positive reinforcement, as they are highly sensitive and respond best to kindness. Early grooming practices will help them get used to being brushed and handled, making it easier to manage their coat as they grow. Given their potential for separation anxiety, try to balance alone time with engaging activities, such as puzzle toys, that keep them mentally occupied.
LIFESTYLE
Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are highly adaptable, fitting well into both active and relaxed households. They are suited to apartment living or homes with small yards, as long as they get a few daily walks and some playtime. Cavaliers do best in homes where someone is often around, as they are social creatures that thrive on interaction. They enjoy a mix of indoor and outdoor activities, but they’re happiest when they feel part of family routines. This breed’s friendly nature makes them ideal for families, couples, and singles alike, as long as they receive ample love and attention.
INTERESTS & HOBBIES
Cavaliers enjoy activities that allow them to stay close to their family members. They often excel in therapy work due to their calm, comforting presence and love for people. Gentle play sessions, interactive toys, and short walks around the neighborhood keep them happily engaged. Their heritage as small spaniels also means they may enjoy light games like fetch or exploring scent trails on walks. They also appreciate cozy indoor activities, whether watching TV by your side or simply relaxing at your feet.
EDUCATION
Training a Cavalier is a joy, as they are intelligent and eager to please. Positive reinforcement, with praise and treats, works wonders with this gentle breed. Focus on teaching basic cues and impulse control in a calm environment. Short, enjoyable training sessions are best, as they may lose interest if sessions are too lengthy or repetitive. Cavaliers may benefit from practicing alone-time routines to help manage any potential separation anxiety. With their natural affection, make training sessions fun and rewarding to keep their spirits high and enhance your bond. Early training is key to a well-adjusted, happy Cavalier. They never tire of learning and are always up for a new challenge or activity.
